Base-burning boiler



(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 1.

A. FOWLBR.

BA'SB BURNING- BOILBR. No. 259,520. Patented June 13, 1882.

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A. H. FOWLER.

BASE BURNING BOILER.

No. 259,520. Patented Jungla, 1882A.

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ARTHUR H. FOWLER, OF NEWARK, OHIO.

BASE-BURNING BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 259,520, dated June 13, 1882.

Application led November 29, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR H. FoWLER., of Newark, in the county of Licking and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Base-Burning Boilers; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full. clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to fixed boilers of the class adapted to generate steam either for heating purposes or for power.

The speciiic improvements in which my invention consists are fully described hereinafter in connection with the entire apparatus shown, and are particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is an elevation of the front of the boiler, showing upon the left-hand side finished brickwork and on the right-hand side brick-work cut back to show section of side wall and downward smoke-passage, together with the casti'ron belt and other improvements hereinafter described. Fig. 2 is a section of Fig. 1 on line E F. Fig. 3 is a section of the apparatus taken upon the line A B, as represented in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a section upon line C D of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is an enlarged section of the bottom of the chamber surrounding the magazine, and

Fig. 6 an enlarged view of the grate and its connections.

The boiler shown in these figures is of the class known as base-burning.77 The magazine shown at J is cylindrical in form, made preferably of lap-welded boiler-flue. Itis riveted at the top to an upturned ange in the boiler-head, as shown at a, and at the bottom to a ring, K, hereinafter described. The main boiler is cylindrical in shape, as shown in the gures, the magazine being centrally located The boiler is set in brick-work, prefinner cavity corresponding to th at of the boiler. The inner cavity is larger than the boiler, leaving a smoke-space, G. The lbrick wall, however, does not entirely encircle the boiler, be-

ing built so as to leave a space in front of the boiler for a fire-door, I, and a regulating-door, I. Thel method in common use of building these boilers is to inclose the boiler wholly inA a brick-work and to run sleeves through the avoids the inconvenience of the long sleeves and allows free access. This arrangement of the brick-work is shown in Fig. 4, the brickv work being broughtinto contact with the boiler l flared from the mainbody of the cone, as shown clearly in Fig. 2, by means of which a broader smoke-space is afforded between the upper part of the conical water-jacket and the wall of the furnace. The lower part of the jacket is formed by the ring K, which is U-shaped in cross-section. This may be formed of caststeel or any suitable material. The outer ed ge is riveted to the conical jacket B and the inner to the magazine-cylinder J, which cylinder thus forms the inner wall of the conical jacket. This construction of the U -shaped ring brings the riveted joints at a distance from the highest part of the flre. Within this U-shaped foot of the conical jacket I place a pipe, d, bent to the proper circle, and

Varrange it in the bottom of the said foot. This pipe has a continued perforation on its lower side and a branch pipe, e, passing up through the water and out through the side of the boiler. This is provided with a blow-off valve, so that Watermay be blown out under pressure, thereby drawing oft' all mud through the perforation and discharging it, thus protecting the lower part of the jacket, which is most exposed to the fire, from the deleterious effects arising out of the accumulation of mud at that point.

Referring to Figs. 2 and 3, it will be observed that short smoke-pipes (marked C) are introduced into the water-jacket part ot' the boiler,

or that part immediately surrounding the furnace-chamber. These do not extend all the way around the boiler, but leave an unperforated space opposite what I have called the economizer,77 as shown in Fi g3. These short tubes discharge into a nearly-annular cham-l ber, which is shown more clearly at M in Figs.

2 and 3. This chamber is formed by nearly-y annular flanges c f, which encircle the boiler IOO around to the points g and 7L opposite the economizer, being securely riveted to the outer shell, and by covers k, which rest upon these flanges and are adapted to slide thereon. As indicated in Fig. l, and as more clearlyshown in Fig. 3, this chamber extends around the front ofthe boiler,above the door, including that part not inclosed in the brick-work. Throughout that part of the chamber which rests upon the top of the brick-work the bottom flange, f, is open, so that the smoke discharging through the short pipes into the chamber M passes down into the smoke-space G around the lower part of the boiler. Throughout that part of the chamber which crosses the uncovered part of the boiler, above the door, the bottom flange is closed, and the products of combustion pass through the chamber M in this portion, turning in either direction toward the smoke chamber G. This construction of the covers and rings gives easy and free access to the short tubes for the purpose of cleaning, as well as to the chamber G for clearing out any dust or soot that may have collected therein. It will be understood that the sliding doors may be removed-at any point. That part of the chamber M which is provided with the closed bottom is shown at l in Fig. 3, and the parts over the brick-work which open into the smokespace below are shown at 2 2 in the same figure. The flanges and covers which form this belt inclosing the chambered space around the boiler extend at each end a little farther than the short smoke-tubes and pass into the brick-work, which is thrown up to cover the space between theboiler and economizer heretofore referred to.

The boiler is supported on the front side on two bearings, which are attached to and form part of the regulatingdoor I, and at the rear it rests on one or more supports, as shown in Fig. 2. The brick-work is carried around on a line with the top of these supports on the same circle as the outside of the boiler, forming thereby a large ash-pit beneath the grate.

The grate is of peculiar construction. It is of basket form, with a central dumping-plate, L, which rests on a shaft passing through the ash-pit, as shown more clearly in Fig. 6. The grate is made up of sections N N, preferably eight in number, although more or less may be used. These sections are divided on radial lines, as shown clearly in Fig. 6. At the upper and outer edges they areprovided with downwardly-projecting anges l, which hook over a ring, m, bolted to the inside of the boiler.. This affords a secure support for the sections, and any one of these may be removed when burned out by lifting it up and taking it out at the fire-door, and no bolts are required to hold them in place.

Opposite the fire-door or front of the boiler I place asecondary boiler-shell, with heads and tubes passingthrough it. This I have called the economizer The shell is marked D D and the smoke-tubes F F, these being shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The shell is supported in thel brick-work, as shown in said figures, with a smoke-space about it, permitting the products of combustion from the furnace to circulate in contact with the exterior surface of the shell and through the smoke-tubes FF. The shell is connected to the boiler by means of large tubes E E, one above and the other below, as shown in Fig. 2. These allow perfect communication for steam and water between the ecoliomizerand the boiler. This construction utilizes the hot gases from the furnace, which,pass ing through the short tubes c, descend around the outer shell ot' the boiler to the outer shell ofthe economizer, and, passing to the bottom of the latter upward through the tubes F F, enter the smoke-box H at the top of the economizer, and thence into the smoke-outlet. The smoke-box is preferably an extension of the shell of the economizer, and is provided with a lid or cover, which can at any time be lifted off in order to clean out the ues of the ecoliomizer.

Manifestly,instead of severalues FF, a single large one may be used centrally located.

In the place of the economizer, pipes or manifolds may be used, if desired; or my improved form of boiler may be used without any of these devices; and, on the otherhand,theeconomizer, as shown, may be used with other forms of boilers.

It will be observed by referring to Fig. 2 that the brickwork is carried up around the economizer to a higher point than that reached by the brick-work around the boiler, which is below the lower row of short smoke tubes. Where these rows of smoke-tubes end the brickwork is carried over to the boiler, and iron supports are placed across therefor to cover the space between the economizer and the boiler, as shown at o in Fig. 2. A short baffle-wall is thrown across the lower part of the space between the economizer and boiler, (shown in section at p, Fig.2, andin dotted lines in Fig. 4.) The space between the covering o and this bafile-wall is open for the free passage of the products of combustion.

I am aware that steam-generators have heretofore been made with a central magazine surrounded by a water-jacket, the genera-l object of the construction being to prevent the coal in the magazine from coking 5 but my special construction of the conical water-jacket affords a larger heatingsurface and is specially adapted for the convenient attachment of the U- shaped ring heretofore described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. The combination of a boiler having a water-space, a central magazine surrounded by a water-space, an interior smoke-chamber surrounding the said water-space, and a connected eXteriorsmoke-chamber between the boiler and its brick settin g.

2. In combination with the water-jacket, the ring K, containing the pipe d, having the con- IOO lIO

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tinuous opening inits lower side and connected to the blow-oft pipe, as described.

3. In a boiler having double Walls, a central magazine, a water-space surrounding the said magazine, aninterior smoke-space, and a series ot'short tubes connecting the said smoke-space with an exterior chamber, M, arranged as shown.

4. In aboiler, the external chamber, M, formed of flanges ef, and having doors or covers k, in combination with brick-work extending partially around the boiler and forming a smoke space, the said chamber being closed in front, but open at the sides for communication with said smoke-space.

5. The combination of the boiler having fire- In testimony whereof I have signed my name 275 to this specication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ARTHUR H. FOWLER.

Witnesses CRAs. FOLLETT, CEAS. H. FoLLET'r. 

